DIRECTAND INDIRECT class 10th

 

DIRECTAND INDIRECT SPEECH
	a present indefinite becomes a past indefinite:
Direct	He said, “I am not a thief.”
Indirect:	He said that he was not a thief.
	a present continuous becomes a past continuous
Direct	She said, “I am working hard.”
Indirect:	She said that she was working hard.
	A present perfect becomes a past perfect
Direct	He said, “I have returned the books."
Indirect:	He said that he had returned the books.
	A past indefinite changes into a past perfect. She said,
Direct	“The patient died in the hospital.”
Indirect:	She said that the patient had died in the hospital.
	Will/Shall changes into would should
Direct	He said, “She will go there."
Indirect:	He said that she would go there.
	2.Pronouns of the first and the second person change into third person pronouns. However, if the person addressed reports the speech, second person change into first.
Direct	She said, "I do not agree with you."
Indirect:	She said that she did not agree with him.
Direct	He said to the stranger, "I do not recognize you."
Indirect:	He told the stranger that he did not recognize him.
Direct	The teacher said to Mueen, “I have taught you and your sister.”
Indirect:	The teacher told Mueen that he had taught him and his sister.
Direct	She said to me, “You are a lazy boy."
Indirect:	She told me that I was a lazy boy.
Direct:	She said, “I like clouds in the sky.”
Indirect:	She said that she liked clouds in the sky.
Direct:	He said, “I am unwell”
Indirect:	He said that he was unwell.
Direct:	He said to her, “I live in this building.”
Indirect:	He told her that he lived in that building.
Direct:	They said,“Our teacher is on leave.”
Indirect:	They said that their teacher was on leave.
Direct:	Arif and Ayesha said to their mother, “We like mangoes.”
Indirect:	Arif and Ayesha told their mother that they liked mangoes.
Direct:	She said, “I am helping my mother in the kitchen.”
Indirect:	She said that she was helping her mother in the kitchen.
Direct:	He said, “I am watering the plants in the garden.”
Indirect:	He said that he was watering the plants in the garden.
Direct:	Afshan said, “I am sewing mother’s shirt.”
Indirect:	Afshan said that she was sewing mother’s shirt.
Direct:	He said, “They are not doing their duty well.”
Indirect:	He said that they were not doing their duty well.
Direct:	He said to me, “You are not running very fast.”
Indirect:	He told me that I was not running very fast.
Direct:	They said, “We have done our duty.”
Indirect:	They said that they had done their duty.
Direct:	The teacher said to us, “You have not completed your drawing.”
Indirect:	The teacher told us that we had not completed our drawing.
Direct:	She said, “They have not eaten their meals.”
Indirect:	She said that they had not eaten their meals.
Direct:	The teacher said, “I have often told you not to play with fire.”
Indirect:	The teacher said that he had often told us not to play with fire.
Direct:	My brother said to me, “you have missed the point completely.”
Indirect:	My brother told me that I had missed the point completely.
Direct:	He said, “I completed my drawing half an hour ago.”
Indirect:	He said that he had completed his drawing half an hour ago.
Direct:	She said, “I did not go to school yesterday.”
Indirect:	She said that she had not gone to school the previous day.
Direct:	He said, “She sang a beautiful ghazal at the concert last night.”
Indirect:	He said that she had sung a beautiful ghazal at the concert last night.
Direct:	She said, “He rang me up at twelve midnight.”
Indirect:	She said that he had rung her up at twelve midnight.
Direct:	He said, “The boys did not put up a good show last night.”
Indirect:	He said that the boys had not put up a good show last night.
Direct:	She said, “I shall never do such a thing.”
Indirect:	She said that she would never do such a thing.
Direct:	Afshan said, “They will wait for us for one hour only.”
Indirect:	Afshan said that they would wait for them for one hour only.
Direct:	They said, “We shall never make a promise we cannot fulfill.”
Indirect:	They said that they would never make a promise they could not fulfill.
Direct:	He said, “I shall explain this to you only if you listen to me with patience.”
Indirect:	He said that he would explain that to me only if I listen to him with patience.
Direct:	He said, “I hope you will not repeat this mistake.”
Indirect:	He said that he hoped I would not repeat that mistake.
Direct	He said, “Will you listen to me?"
Indirect:	He asked me whether I would listen to him.
Direct	She said, “Are you going to Lahore today?"
Indirect:	She asked me whether I was going to Lahore that day.
Direct	He said, “Do you agree with me?"
Indirect:	He asked me whether I agreed with him.
Direct	He said to me, “What are you looking for?”
Indirect:	He asked me what I was looking for.
Direct	She said, “Where do you live?”
Indirect:	She enquired of them where they lived.
Direct	He said, “How many chapters have you done already?"
Indirect:	He enquired of him how many chapters he had done by that time.
Direct:	She said, “Is this your book?”
Indirect:	She asked if that was my book.
Direct:	He said, “Do you have any share in this firm?”
Indirect:	He asked if I had any share in that firm.
Direct:	They said, “Have you ever visited Murree Hills?”
Indirect:	They asked if I had ever visited Murree Hills.
Direct:	He said, “Aren’t you ashamed of yourself?”
Indirect:	He asked I was not ashamed of myself.
Direct:	The teacher said, “Did you do your home task yesterday?”
Indirect:	The teacher asked if I had done my home task the previous day.
Direct:	The mother said, “Didn’t I ask you not to go there?”
Indirect:	The mother asked if she had not asked me not to go there.
Direct:	Rehana said, “Will you stop interfering in my work?”
Indirect:	Rehana asked if I would stop interfering in her work.
Direct:	The mother said, “Shall we invite the Qureshis’ also?”
Indirect:	The mother asked if they would invite the Qureshis’ also.
Direct:	Adnan said, “Had you left Karachi before writing this letter?”
Indirect:	Adnan asked if I had left Karachi before writing that letter.
Direct:	The judge said, “Have you anything more to say?”
Indirect:	The judge asked if I had anything more to say.
Direct:	He said, “What do you want me to do?”
Indirect:	He asked what I wanted him to do.
Direct:	The mother said, “How did you fail in your examination?”
Indirect:	The mother asked how I had failed in my examination.
Direct:	Raza said, “Where are you going?”
Indirect:	Raza asked where I was going.
Direct:	The teacher said, “Whose is this book?”
Indirect:	The teacher asked whose that book was.
Direct:	The teacher said, “Who is the author of this book?”
Indirect:	The teacher asked who the author of that book was.
Direct:	The stranger said, “Which is the way to zoo?”
Indirect:	The stranger asked which the way was to zoo.
Direct:	The manager said, “How do you propose to solve this problem?”
Indirect:	The manager asked how I proposed to solve that problem.
Direct:	The boy said to her, “What do you want me to do?”
Indirect:	The boy asked her what she wanted him to do.
Direct:	The pupil said, “Where have I eased?”
Indirect:	The pupil asked where I had eased.
Direct:	The teacher said, “Who is the next on list?
Indirect:	The teacher asked who the next was on list.
Direct	The referee said, “Quiet, please.”
Indirect:	The referee requested the spectators to be quiet.
Direct	The teacher said, “Do not make a noise."
Indirect:	The teacher asked the students not to make a noise.
Direct	She said to me, “Tell the truth."
Indirect:	She advised me to tell the truth.
Direct	She said to me, “Please lend me your camera for a day.”
Indirect:	She requested me to lend her my camera for a day.
Direct	Roshana said, “Let us finish our work first.”
Indirect:	Roshana proposed that they should finish their work first.
Direct:	She said to her sister, “Please say something.”
Indirect:	She requested her sister to say something.
Direct:	She said to her friend, “Please have dinner with me tomorrow at eight.”
Indirect:	She requested her friend to have dinner with her the next day at eight.
Direct:	The judge said, “Call the next witness.”
Indirect:	The judge ordered to call the next witness.
Direct:	Farhan said to his uncle, “Please help me in getting some job.”
Indirect:	Farhan requested his uncle to help him in getting some job.
Direct:	The doctor said to the patient, “Take complete rest and follow my direction.”
Indirect:	The doctor advised the patient to take complete rest and follow his direction.
Direct:	The teacher said to the pupil, “Read the paragraph and explain it in simple English.”
Indirect:	The teacher ordered the pupil to read the paragraph and explain it in simple English.
Direct:	The mother said to her daughter, “Please tidy up your room.”
Indirect:	The mother advised her daughter to tidy up her room.
Direct:	She said to me, “Do not waste time in idle talk.”
Indirect:	She advised me not to waste time in idle talk.
Direct:	The father said to his son, “Get up early in the morning and go for a walk.”
Indirect:	The father advised his son to get up early in the morning and go for a walk.
Direct:	Afshan said, “Let us go for a picnic on Friday.”
Indirect:	Afshan suggested that they should go for a picnic on Friday.
Direct:	He said to his friend, “Please lend me your bike for a day.”
Indirect:	He requested his friend to lend him his bike for a day.
Direct:	He said to her, “Please fetch me a glass of water.”
Indirect:	He requested her to fetch him a glass of water.
Direct:	The master said to the servant, “Go and fetch me a glass of milk.”
Indirect:	The master ordered the servant to go and fetch him a glass of milk.
Direct:	The father said to his son, “Do not leave this room without my permission.”
Indirect:	The father advised his son not to leave that room without his permission.
Direct:	She said to them, “Let us not deceive ourselves.”
Indirect:	She advised them that they should not deceive themselves.
Direct	He said, “Hurrah! We have won the match.”
Indirect:	He exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.
Direct	He said, “Alas! I am ruined.”
Indirect:	He exclaimed sadly that he was ruined.
Direct	He said, “May Allah help me do my duty."
Indirect:	He prayed that Allah might help him do his duty..
Direct:	She said to her father, “May you live long.’’
Indirect:	She prayed for her father that he might live long.
Direct:	She said, “May you prosper.”
Indirect:	She prayed that I might prosper.
Direct:	The mother said to her daughter, “May God blesses you with a son.”
Indirect:	The mother prayed for her daughter that God might bless her with a son.
Direct:	She said, “Would that my father were alive.”
Indirect:	She wished that her father had been alive.
Direct:	The mother said to her son, “May you return successful.”
Indirect:	The mother prayed for her son that he might return successful.
Direct:	She said, “What a beautiful piece of art it is.’’
Indirect:	She exclaimed with wonder that it was a beautiful piece of art.
Direct:	He said, “How well she sings.’’
Indirect:	He exclaimed with wonder that she sang well.
Direct:	He said, “Alas! We cannot defeat our enemies.’’
Indirect:	He exclaimed with sorrow that they could not defeat their enemies.
Direct:	She said, “What a pity you missed that function.”
Indirect:	She exclaimed with sorrow that I had missed that function.
Direct:	He said, “Hurrah! I have won the medal.”
Indirect:	He exclaimed with joy that he had won the medal.
Direct	She says, “I hope I am not late."
Indirect:	She says that she hopes she is not late.
Direct	He says, “I want to speak to you."
Indirect:	He says that he wants to speak to him.
Direct	You have said, “They are waiting outside.”
Indirect:	You have said that they are waiting outside.
Direct	You will say, “She is cranky."
Indirect:	You will say that she is cranky.
Direct:	They say, “We have done our duty."
Indirect:	They said that they had done their duty.
Direct:	She says, “We have shifted to another house."
Indirect:	She says that they have shifted to another house.
Direct:	The teacher will say, “You have done your work very well."
Indirect:	The teacher will say to us that we have done ourwork very well.
Direct:	He says, "She has written me a very encouraging letter."
Indirect:	He says that she has written him a very encouraging letter.
Direct:	She says, “We love and respect our neighbours very much.”
Indirect:	She says that they love and respect their neighbours very much.
Direct:	She has said, “She is ready to accompany us to Karachi.”
Indirect:	She has said that she is ready to accompany them to. Karachi.
Direct:	He says, “I have not heard the latest news about her.”
Indirect:	He says that he has not heard the latest news about her.
Direct:	The doctor says, “The patient is still in a state of coma."
Indirect:	The doctor says that the patient is still in a state of coma.
Direct:	The teacher says, “She has always been a good student."
Indirect:	The teacher says that she has always been a good student.
Direct:	She will say, “He did not come up to my expectations."
Indirect:	She will say that he did not come to her expectations.

 

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